Chapter 3: Developing a Monitoring System
Chapter 3 Footnotes
1. If anything, research and monitoring experience with the Soviet and Chinese test sites have shown that the relatively simple structure around these sites may make them among the easiest of locations to monitor seismically.
2.Figure produced by R. Butler, Program Manager of the Global Seismic Network.
3.Evaluation of seismic noise at 1 Hz by R. Butler, Program manager of the IRIS Global Seismic Network. Analysis based on GSE/U.S./79 Report, July 1992 and J. Peterson, USGS, 1993.
4. In September 1947, Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower directed the Army Air Forces "to detect atomic explosions anywhere in the World." The mission remained with the Air Force when the U.S.A.F. became a separate service. AFTAC receives real-time data twenty-four hours per day and they are responsible for the initial detection and identification of nuclear events occurring anywhere in the World.
5. The equipment now being installed at the ASN stations is based in part on hardware developed for the IRIS/USGS GSN.
6. The NEIC was originally established in 1966 in Rockville, Maryland as part of the National Ocean Survey of the Department of Commerce. The NEIC was moved to Colorado in 1972 by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and transferred to the U.S. Geological Survey in 1973.
7. NEIC does not routinely report quarry or mining explosions although dozens are recorded and located each week. NEIC does report underground nuclear explosions and large chemical explosions that may be widely recorded.
8. Figure courtesy of T. Ahern, Program Manager, IRIS Data Management System.
Nuclear Testing and Nonproliferation
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